553 lines
16 KiB
Python
553 lines
16 KiB
Python
"""
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:mod:`pandas.io.formats.xml` is a module for formatting data in XML.
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"""
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from __future__ import annotations
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import codecs
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import io
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from typing import Any
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from pandas._typing import (
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CompressionOptions,
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FilePath,
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ReadBuffer,
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StorageOptions,
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WriteBuffer,
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)
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from pandas.errors import AbstractMethodError
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from pandas.util._decorators import doc
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from pandas.core.dtypes.common import is_list_like
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from pandas.core.dtypes.missing import isna
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from pandas.core.frame import DataFrame
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from pandas.core.shared_docs import _shared_docs
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from pandas.io.common import get_handle
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from pandas.io.xml import (
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get_data_from_filepath,
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preprocess_data,
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)
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@doc(compression_options=_shared_docs["compression_options"] % "path_or_buffer")
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class BaseXMLFormatter:
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"""
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Subclass for formatting data in XML.
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Parameters
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----------
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path_or_buffer : str or file-like
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This can be either a string of raw XML, a valid URL,
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file or file-like object.
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index : bool
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Whether to include index in xml document.
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row_name : str
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Name for root of xml document. Default is 'data'.
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root_name : str
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Name for row elements of xml document. Default is 'row'.
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na_rep : str
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Missing data representation.
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attrs_cols : list
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List of columns to write as attributes in row element.
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elem_cols : list
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List of columns to write as children in row element.
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namespacess : dict
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The namespaces to define in XML document as dicts with key
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being namespace and value the URI.
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prefix : str
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The prefix for each element in XML document including root.
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encoding : str
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Encoding of xml object or document.
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xml_declaration : bool
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Whether to include xml declaration at top line item in xml.
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pretty_print : bool
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Whether to write xml document with line breaks and indentation.
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stylesheet : str or file-like
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A URL, file, file-like object, or a raw string containing XSLT.
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{compression_options}
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.. versionchanged:: 1.4.0 Zstandard support.
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storage_options : dict, optional
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Extra options that make sense for a particular storage connection,
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e.g. host, port, username, password, etc.,
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See also
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--------
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pandas.io.formats.xml.EtreeXMLFormatter
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pandas.io.formats.xml.LxmlXMLFormatter
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"""
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def __init__(
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self,
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frame: DataFrame,
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path_or_buffer: FilePath | WriteBuffer[bytes] | WriteBuffer[str] | None = None,
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index: bool = True,
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root_name: str | None = "data",
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row_name: str | None = "row",
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na_rep: str | None = None,
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attr_cols: list[str] | None = None,
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elem_cols: list[str] | None = None,
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namespaces: dict[str | None, str] | None = None,
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prefix: str | None = None,
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encoding: str = "utf-8",
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xml_declaration: bool | None = True,
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pretty_print: bool | None = True,
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stylesheet: FilePath | ReadBuffer[str] | ReadBuffer[bytes] | None = None,
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compression: CompressionOptions = "infer",
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storage_options: StorageOptions = None,
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) -> None:
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self.frame = frame
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self.path_or_buffer = path_or_buffer
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self.index = index
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self.root_name = root_name
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self.row_name = row_name
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self.na_rep = na_rep
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self.attr_cols = attr_cols
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self.elem_cols = elem_cols
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self.namespaces = namespaces
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self.prefix = prefix
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self.encoding = encoding
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self.xml_declaration = xml_declaration
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self.pretty_print = pretty_print
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self.stylesheet = stylesheet
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self.compression = compression
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self.storage_options = storage_options
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self.orig_cols = self.frame.columns.tolist()
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self.frame_dicts = self.process_dataframe()
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self.validate_columns()
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self.validate_encoding()
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self.prefix_uri = self.get_prefix_uri()
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self.handle_indexes()
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def build_tree(self) -> bytes:
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"""
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Build tree from data.
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This method initializes the root and builds attributes and elements
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with optional namespaces.
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"""
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raise AbstractMethodError(self)
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def validate_columns(self) -> None:
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"""
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Validate elems_cols and attrs_cols.
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This method will check if columns is list-like.
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Raises
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------
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ValueError
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* If value is not a list and less then length of nodes.
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"""
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if self.attr_cols and not is_list_like(self.attr_cols):
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raise TypeError(
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f"{type(self.attr_cols).__name__} is not a valid type for attr_cols"
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)
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if self.elem_cols and not is_list_like(self.elem_cols):
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raise TypeError(
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f"{type(self.elem_cols).__name__} is not a valid type for elem_cols"
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)
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def validate_encoding(self) -> None:
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"""
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Validate encoding.
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This method will check if encoding is among listed under codecs.
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Raises
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------
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LookupError
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* If encoding is not available in codecs.
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"""
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codecs.lookup(self.encoding)
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def process_dataframe(self) -> dict[int | str, dict[str, Any]]:
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"""
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Adjust Data Frame to fit xml output.
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This method will adjust underlying data frame for xml output,
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including optionally replacing missing values and including indexes.
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"""
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df = self.frame
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if self.index:
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df = df.reset_index()
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if self.na_rep is not None:
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df = df.fillna(self.na_rep)
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return df.to_dict(orient="index")
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def handle_indexes(self) -> None:
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"""
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Handle indexes.
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This method will add indexes into attr_cols or elem_cols.
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"""
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if not self.index:
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return
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first_key = next(iter(self.frame_dicts))
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indexes: list[str] = [
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x for x in self.frame_dicts[first_key].keys() if x not in self.orig_cols
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]
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if self.attr_cols:
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self.attr_cols = indexes + self.attr_cols
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if self.elem_cols:
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self.elem_cols = indexes + self.elem_cols
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def get_prefix_uri(self) -> str:
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"""
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Get uri of namespace prefix.
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This method retrieves corresponding URI to prefix in namespaces.
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Raises
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------
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KeyError
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*If prefix is not included in namespace dict.
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"""
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raise AbstractMethodError(self)
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def other_namespaces(self) -> dict:
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"""
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Define other namespaces.
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This method will build dictionary of namespaces attributes
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for root element, conditionally with optional namespaces and
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prefix.
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"""
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nmsp_dict: dict[str, str] = {}
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if self.namespaces and self.prefix is None:
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nmsp_dict = {"xmlns": n for p, n in self.namespaces.items() if p != ""}
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if self.namespaces and self.prefix:
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nmsp_dict = {"xmlns": n for p, n in self.namespaces.items() if p == ""}
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return nmsp_dict
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def build_attribs(self, d: dict[str, Any], elem_row: Any) -> Any:
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"""
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Create attributes of row.
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This method adds attributes using attr_cols to row element and
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works with tuples for multindex or hierarchical columns.
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"""
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if not self.attr_cols:
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return elem_row
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for col in self.attr_cols:
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attr_name = self._get_flat_col_name(col)
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try:
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if not isna(d[col]):
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elem_row.attrib[attr_name] = str(d[col])
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except KeyError:
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raise KeyError(f"no valid column, {col}")
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return elem_row
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def _get_flat_col_name(self, col: str | tuple) -> str:
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flat_col = col
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if isinstance(col, tuple):
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flat_col = (
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"".join([str(c) for c in col]).strip()
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if "" in col
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else "_".join([str(c) for c in col]).strip()
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)
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return f"{self.prefix_uri}{flat_col}"
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def build_elems(self, d: dict[str, Any], elem_row: Any) -> None:
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"""
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Create child elements of row.
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This method adds child elements using elem_cols to row element and
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works with tuples for multindex or hierarchical columns.
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"""
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raise AbstractMethodError(self)
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def _build_elems(self, sub_element_cls, d: dict[str, Any], elem_row: Any) -> None:
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if not self.elem_cols:
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return
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for col in self.elem_cols:
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elem_name = self._get_flat_col_name(col)
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try:
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val = None if isna(d[col]) or d[col] == "" else str(d[col])
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sub_element_cls(elem_row, elem_name).text = val
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except KeyError:
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raise KeyError(f"no valid column, {col}")
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def write_output(self) -> str | None:
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xml_doc = self.build_tree()
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if self.path_or_buffer is not None:
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with get_handle(
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self.path_or_buffer,
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"wb",
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compression=self.compression,
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storage_options=self.storage_options,
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is_text=False,
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) as handles:
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handles.handle.write(xml_doc)
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return None
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else:
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return xml_doc.decode(self.encoding).rstrip()
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class EtreeXMLFormatter(BaseXMLFormatter):
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"""
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Class for formatting data in xml using Python standard library
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modules: `xml.etree.ElementTree` and `xml.dom.minidom`.
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"""
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def build_tree(self) -> bytes:
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from xml.etree.ElementTree import (
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Element,
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SubElement,
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tostring,
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)
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self.root = Element(
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f"{self.prefix_uri}{self.root_name}", attrib=self.other_namespaces()
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)
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for d in self.frame_dicts.values():
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elem_row = SubElement(self.root, f"{self.prefix_uri}{self.row_name}")
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if not self.attr_cols and not self.elem_cols:
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self.elem_cols = list(d.keys())
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self.build_elems(d, elem_row)
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else:
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elem_row = self.build_attribs(d, elem_row)
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self.build_elems(d, elem_row)
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self.out_xml = tostring(self.root, method="xml", encoding=self.encoding)
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if self.pretty_print:
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self.out_xml = self.prettify_tree()
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if self.xml_declaration:
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self.out_xml = self.add_declaration()
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else:
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self.out_xml = self.remove_declaration()
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if self.stylesheet is not None:
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raise ValueError(
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"To use stylesheet, you need lxml installed and selected as parser."
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)
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return self.out_xml
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def get_prefix_uri(self) -> str:
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from xml.etree.ElementTree import register_namespace
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uri = ""
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if self.namespaces:
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for p, n in self.namespaces.items():
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if isinstance(p, str) and isinstance(n, str):
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register_namespace(p, n)
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if self.prefix:
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try:
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uri = f"{{{self.namespaces[self.prefix]}}}"
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except KeyError:
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raise KeyError(f"{self.prefix} is not included in namespaces")
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else:
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uri = f'{{{self.namespaces[""]}}}'
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return uri
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def build_elems(self, d: dict[str, Any], elem_row: Any) -> None:
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from xml.etree.ElementTree import SubElement
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self._build_elems(SubElement, d, elem_row)
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def prettify_tree(self) -> bytes:
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"""
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Output tree for pretty print format.
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This method will pretty print xml with line breaks and indentation.
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"""
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from xml.dom.minidom import parseString
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dom = parseString(self.out_xml)
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return dom.toprettyxml(indent=" ", encoding=self.encoding)
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def add_declaration(self) -> bytes:
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"""
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Add xml declaration.
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This method will add xml declaration of working tree. Currently,
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xml_declaration is supported in etree starting in Python 3.8.
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"""
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decl = f'<?xml version="1.0" encoding="{self.encoding}"?>\n'
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doc = (
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self.out_xml
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if self.out_xml.startswith(b"<?xml")
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else decl.encode(self.encoding) + self.out_xml
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)
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return doc
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def remove_declaration(self) -> bytes:
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"""
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Remove xml declaration.
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This method will remove xml declaration of working tree. Currently,
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pretty_print is not supported in etree.
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"""
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return self.out_xml.split(b"?>")[-1].strip()
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class LxmlXMLFormatter(BaseXMLFormatter):
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"""
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Class for formatting data in xml using Python standard library
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modules: `xml.etree.ElementTree` and `xml.dom.minidom`.
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"""
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def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs) -> None:
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super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
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self.convert_empty_str_key()
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def build_tree(self) -> bytes:
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"""
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Build tree from data.
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This method initializes the root and builds attributes and elements
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with optional namespaces.
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"""
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from lxml.etree import (
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Element,
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SubElement,
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tostring,
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)
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self.root = Element(f"{self.prefix_uri}{self.root_name}", nsmap=self.namespaces)
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for d in self.frame_dicts.values():
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elem_row = SubElement(self.root, f"{self.prefix_uri}{self.row_name}")
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if not self.attr_cols and not self.elem_cols:
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self.elem_cols = list(d.keys())
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self.build_elems(d, elem_row)
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else:
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elem_row = self.build_attribs(d, elem_row)
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self.build_elems(d, elem_row)
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self.out_xml = tostring(
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self.root,
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pretty_print=self.pretty_print,
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method="xml",
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encoding=self.encoding,
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xml_declaration=self.xml_declaration,
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)
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if self.stylesheet is not None:
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self.out_xml = self.transform_doc()
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return self.out_xml
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def convert_empty_str_key(self) -> None:
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"""
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Replace zero-lengh string in `namespaces`.
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This method will replce '' with None to align to `lxml`
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requirement that empty string prefixes are not allowed.
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"""
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if self.namespaces and "" in self.namespaces.keys():
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self.namespaces[None] = self.namespaces.pop("", "default")
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def get_prefix_uri(self) -> str:
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uri = ""
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if self.namespaces:
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if self.prefix:
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try:
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uri = f"{{{self.namespaces[self.prefix]}}}"
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except KeyError:
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raise KeyError(f"{self.prefix} is not included in namespaces")
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else:
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uri = f'{{{self.namespaces[""]}}}'
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return uri
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def build_elems(self, d: dict[str, Any], elem_row: Any) -> None:
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from lxml.etree import SubElement
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self._build_elems(SubElement, d, elem_row)
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def transform_doc(self) -> bytes:
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"""
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Parse stylesheet from file or buffer and run it.
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This method will parse stylesheet object into tree for parsing
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conditionally by its specific object type, then transforms
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original tree with XSLT script.
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"""
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from lxml.etree import (
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XSLT,
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XMLParser,
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fromstring,
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parse,
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)
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style_doc = self.stylesheet
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assert style_doc is not None # is ensured by caller
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handle_data = get_data_from_filepath(
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filepath_or_buffer=style_doc,
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encoding=self.encoding,
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compression=self.compression,
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storage_options=self.storage_options,
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)
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with preprocess_data(handle_data) as xml_data:
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curr_parser = XMLParser(encoding=self.encoding)
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if isinstance(xml_data, io.StringIO):
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xsl_doc = fromstring(
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xml_data.getvalue().encode(self.encoding), parser=curr_parser
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)
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else:
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xsl_doc = parse(xml_data, parser=curr_parser)
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transformer = XSLT(xsl_doc)
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new_doc = transformer(self.root)
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return bytes(new_doc)
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